Severe, pulsating, and throbbing headaches, usually on one side of the head, can be distressing. People diagnosed with migraine will know exactly how it feels. But what if we told you that there is something more serious, a rare type of migraine that can affect you. This is called hemiplegic migraine, which apparently can cause temporary paralysis on one side of your body.
Speaking with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr Vinaya Bhandari, Consultant Neurologist and EMG Specialist, Jaslok Hospital Research and Centre, Mumbai, explains what the condition is along with its symptoms which can often be confused with a stroke.
Also Read: Migraine: Health Risks Associated To Migraine Pain
What Is Hemiplegic Migraine?
"Migraines, commonly associated with severe headaches, can sometimes culminate in a condition known as hemiplegic migraine," says Dr Bhandari, explaining, "This variant is marked by temporary paralysis or weakness on one side of the body, often accompanied by symptoms like visual changes, speech difficulties, and confusion."
Hemiplegic migraine is a rare condition with a prevalence of 0.01%, says a research published in the StatPearls, adding that the average age of onset is 12-17 years old.
Symptoms Of Hemiplegic Migraine
According to Dr Bhandari, hemiplegic migraine could be genetic or sporadic in nature causing temporary disruption in blood flow and nerve function within the brain.
Common symptoms of hemiplegic migraine include:
- Weakness on one side of the body, including the face, arm, and leg
- Temporary problem with muscle control and sensation
- Numbness or tingling in the affected side of the face or limb
- Loss of coordination
According to the WebMD, other aura symptoms include:
- Seeing zigzag lines or blind spots
- Extreme sensitivity to light, sound, and smell
- Language difficulties
- Trouble remembering a word
- Slurred speech
- Confusion
- Drowsiness or loss of consciousness
How To Differentiate It From A Stroke
You suddenly experience a severe headache and numbness or weakness in one side of your body, how do you know if it is hemiplegic migraine or a stroke? The short answer is you don’t until you visit a doctor.
However, unlike a stroke, hemiplegic migraine typically manifests gradually and may be preceded by an aura, characterised by visual disturbances or tingling sensations.
Also Read: Common Causes Of Pain Behind Your Eyes: How To Tell If It Is A Migraine
Regardless, if you experience a sudden, intense headache coupled with weakness, confusion, or vision changes, seek immediate medical attention. While a stroke demands swift intervention, hemiplegic migraine may abate with rest and time. Nevertheless, Dr Bhandari recommends seeking professional evaluation in distinguishing between the two.
Steps To Take In The Event Of Hemiplegic Migraine
Dr Bhandari says, “Treatment options for hemiplegic migraine may include medications to manage symptoms and preventive measures to reduce the frequency of attacks. Consulting a neurologist is crucial for personalised treatment plans.”
“If you suspect a hemiplegic migraine episode, consult a neurologist promptly. Early diagnosis and proper management are crucial for individuals with this condition to lead fulfilling lives. Remember, timely action can significantly influence the outcome,” he adds.
