Sudden Blurred Vision: 7 Major Reasons Why You Experience It

Sudden blurred vision can be a distressing and sometimes alarming experience. Your vision, a crucial sense, allows you to navigate the world around you, and any disruption can significantly impact your daily life. While occasional blurriness might not always be a cause for concern, it's essential to understand that sudden blurred vision can be a symptom of underlying health issues that may require prompt attention. 

Dr Shonraj Balle, Head of Clinical Research at Remidio, explained seven major reasons why you experience a sudden blurred vision. 

1. Retinal Detachment

“Retinal detachment is a medical emergency in which the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye, pulls away from its normal position. When this happens, it can lead to sudden and painless blurred vision, often described as a "curtain" or "shadow" obscuring part of the visual field,” Dr Bhalle said.

2. Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma

“Acute angle-closure glaucoma is a condition in which there is a sudden increase in eye pressure, causing severe eye pain, headache, nausea, and sudden blurry vision,” said Dr Bhalle, adding, it is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention to prevent permanent vision loss.

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3. Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack 

“Strokes and transient ischemic attacks, or "mini-strokes," can disrupt blood flow to the eyes, causing sudden vision changes. These changes may manifest as blurred or lost vision in one or both eyes. Any sudden vision change, especially in combination with other neurological symptoms, should be considered a medical emergency,” explained Dr Bhalle. 

4. Corneal Infections

Corneal infections, also known as keratitis, are eye infections that affect the cornea, the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye. These infections can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites and can vary in severity from mild to sight-threatening. This can result in sudden blurred vision, accompanied by pain, light sensitivity, and excessive tearing.

5. Central serous retinopathy (CSR)

“CSR is a condition characterised by the accumulation of fluid under the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. CSR typically occurs in one eye, although it can affect both eyes simultaneously or at different times,” Dr Bhalle demonstrated. 

6. Medication Side Effects

Some medications, including anticholinergic drugs and steroids, can lead to sudden blurred vision as a side effect. If you experience changes in your vision after starting a new medication, consult your healthcare provider. They may adjust your treatment or recommend an alternative medication.

7. Optic neuritis

Optic neuritis is a condition that involves inflammation of the optic nerve, which is the nerve that carries visual information from the eye to the brain. This inflammation can result in sudden loss of vision and discomfort.

The causes of sudden blurred vision vary, and recognising these causes is important for rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment. While some cases of blurred vision can be addressed with rest or eye drops, others may suggest more significant underlying health conditions that necessitate quick attention.

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Regular eye examinations and a healthy lifestyle can help prevent some of the most prevalent reasons for abrupt blurred vision. Furthermore, if you have diabetes or hypertension, you must work closely with your healthcare provider to control these disorders and their potential influence on your vision.

Remember that your eyes are valuable, and any changes in your eyesight should be addressed seriously. Consult an eye care specialist if you have sudden or persistent blurred vision.